English Ivy

(Hedera helix)

Contact: Diane Relf, Extension Specialist, Environmental Horticulture

August 1996

Summary:

Foliage: Evergreen broadleaf
Height: 4 to 6 inches as a ground cover 20 to 50 feet as a climbing vine
Shape: Spreading

This vine has rich, shiny, dark-green leaves that hold their color all winter if protected from winter sun and wind.

Plant Needs:

Zone: 5 to 9
Light: Partial shade
Moisture: Moist
Soil Type: Sandy, loam, or clay
pH Range: 3.7 to 7.0

Functions:

Suggested uses for this plant include climbing vine, ground cover, and screen on fencing or other support.

Planting Notes:

* Plant in the spring in a shady location with a fairly moist soil, well-supplied with organic material.
* For quick coverage within one year, space plants one foot apart. Otherwise, place plants 18 to 24 inches apart.
* Aerial rootlets cling to brick and stone walls and can damage mortar.

Care:

* Easy to grow.
* Requires pruning to keep in bounds.

Problems:

* Serious pests include leafspot and spider mites.

* Not suitable for covering walls with a southern exposure due to summer heat and winter sun.
* If exposed to full sun or sweeping winds, the foliage becomes discolored in the winter.

Alternatives:

Consult local sources, including historic or public gardens and arboreta, regarding cultivars and related species that grow well in your area.
Cultivars of HEDERA HELIX:

* `Baltica' is a hardy form with small leaves.
* `Bulgaria' is one of the hardiest forms.
* `Hebron' is another hardy form.
* `Glacier' has leaves variegated gray and green, with pink and white margins.

Comments:

* Ivy is a wonderful broadleaf evergreen for shady locations.
* Many cutleaf and variegated cultivars exist.
* Mature growth develops on very old vines, high up in trees or on buildings. The adult foliage is not lobed. Adult plants also develop small green flowers which are followed by 1/4-inch, blue-black fruit.

This material was developed by Carol Ness as part of the Interactive Design and Development Project funded by the Kellogg Foundation. Mary Miller, Project Director. Diane Relf, Content Specialist, Horticulture. Copyright 1989 by VCE.

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