Sweet Gum

(Liquidambar styraciflua)

Contact: Diane Relf, Extension Specialist, Environmental Horticulture

August 1996

Summary:

Foliage: Deciduous broadleaf
Height: 30 to 50 feet
Spread: 20 to 30 feet
Shape: Upright

Glossy, green, star-shaped leaves turn yellow, orange, red, and purple in the fall. The fruit is spiny, brown and round.

Plant Needs:

Zone: 5 to 9
Light: Partial shade to full sun
Moisture: Wet or moist
Soil Type: Sandy or loam
pH Range: 3.7 to 6.5

Functions:

Suggested uses for this plant include shade, street tree, and specimen plant.

Planting Notes:

Slow to establish its fleshy root system.
Plant trees with balled and burlapped roots in the spring.
Plant in sunny location with moist, slightly acidic soil.
Not tolerant of pollution or areas where root systems do not have ample room to spread.

Care:

Prune during winter, if needed.
Spiny, ball-shaped fruit creates litter which can be a nuisance if tree is grown in high traffic areas.

Problems:

Iron chlorosis is a problem in soils with a high pH.
Scale insects are the most common insect pests.

Alternatives:

Consult local sources, including historic or public gardens and arboreta, regarding cultivars and related species that grow well in your area.

Cultivars of LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFLUA:
`Burgundy' has purplish leaves in fall.
`Festival' is narrow and upright and has yellow, red, and orange fall color.
`Autumn Glow' has a consistent red to purple fall color.

Comments:

If the Sweetgum Tree is given room to develop, few trees will approach it in symmetrical beauty.
An additional ornamental feature is the winged or corky bark projections that develop along the branches.
The sweet taste and gummy feel of the sap are the origin of its common name.

Additional Materials:

The PRUNING SERIES videotape can be ordered through your local Extension office.
The following Extension publications are available through your local Extension office or directly from: Virginia Tech Extension Distribution Center 112 Landsdowne St. Blacksburg, VA 24061
#426-500 "Winter Injury to Trees and Shrubs"
#426-610 "Selecting Landscape Plants - Shade Trees"

This material was developed by Carol Ness as part of the Interactive Design and Development Project funded by the Kellogg Foundation. Mary Miller, Project Director. Diane Relf, Content Specialist, Horticulture. Copyright 1989 by VCE.

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