Understanding the Science Behind Riparian Forest Buffers: Planning, Establishment, and Maintenance

Author: Julia C. Klapproth, Faculty Assistant-Natural Resources, Maryland Cooperative Extension; James E. Johnson, Extension Forestry Specialist, College of Natural Resources, Virginia Tech

Publication Number 420-155, Posted October 2001

Table 2. Range of minimum widths for meeting buffer objectives.

Water quality Objective Buffer width (ft) Considerations
Nutrient removal 15-200 Depends on hydrology, soils, loadings.
Sediment control 30-300 Depends on slope, soil type, sediment loadings.
Streambank stabilization 25-55 Choose deep-rooted species that readily resprout.
Flood control 25-200 Depends on stream order and flood patterns. Select sturdy flood-tolerant species.
Wildlife habitat 25-300 Depends on species of concern. Select native plant species for revegetation, particularly those that provide high value for food and shelter.
Aquatic habitat 60-110 Select native trees and shrubs for seasonal inputs of leaf litter and inputs of large woody debris.
Water temperature moderation 50-110 Depends on stream size and aspect, and the height, density, and crown size of the vegetation

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