Home Water Quality Household Water Testing

Authors: Blake Ross, Extension Specialist, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech; Kathleen Parrott, Extension Specialist, Housing, Virginia Tech; and Janice Woodard, Retired Extension Specialist, Home Management and Equipment, Virginia Tech.

Publication Number 356-482, posted April, 1998

Table 1. Laboratory Tests for Nuisance Problems

While many of the following symptoms are not considered health hazards, nearly all will render water unsatisfactory for normal household use. Most of the tests for nuisance problems should be included in an initial assessment of a private water supply's quality, for example, when digging a new well or moving into a new home with an existing water system.

SymptomDescriptionRecommended Tests
Stained plumbing fixtures cooking utensils and/or laundryred or browniron
reddish-brown slimeiron bacteria
blackmanganese
green or bluecopper
chalky whitehardness
Off-color watercloudyturbidityy, suspended solids
blackhydrogen sulfide, manganese
brown or yellowiron, tannic acid
Unusual taste and odorrotten egghydrogen sulfide
metallicpH, corrosion index, iron, zinc, copper, lead
saltytotal dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, sodium
septic, musty, earthytotal coliform bacteria, methane
alkali, bitterpH, total dissolved solids (TDS)
gasoline or oilhydrocarbon scan
soapysurfactants (surface-active agents)
Corrosive waterdeposits, pitting of plumbing fixturescorrosion index, pH, copper, lead

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