The Potential for Beneficial Reuse of Coal Fly Ash in Southwest Virginia Mining Environments Authors: W. Lee Daniels, Professor, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences; Barry Stewart, Assistant Professor, Mississippi State University; Kathryn Haering, Research Associate, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences; and Carl Zipper, Extension Specialist, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences; Virginia Tech Publication Number 460-134, Posted January 2002

Figure 4. Manganese release over time from acidic refuse treated with varying rates of fly ash from Clinch River plant (left) and a West Virginia source (right), as described in Fig. 3. The refuse control is the same in both cases, but the vertical axes are at different scales. Note that the mass release of Mn follows the acidification sequence depicted in Fig. 3, with the 5%, 10%, and 20% WVF blended columns acidifying sequentially over time. The mass of Mn released from the WVF ash treated columns was much greater than that of the untreated control columns, and directly proportional to the ash blending rate. This indicates significant stripping of ash-bound metals. Leachate from both CRF columns maintained low Mn concentrations throughout the experiment. Figure adapted from Stewart (1996). Each data point on the vertical axis represents an average of leachate Mn pH from three replicate columns for each treatment.

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